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The Fiat 147 was a three-door hatchback compact car produced by Fiat in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais from autumn 1976 until 1987, when it was replaced by the Fiat Uno. It was the Brazilian variant of the Fiat 127. Some were also built by Sevel in Argentina (where later models were named Fiat Spazio, Brío and Vivace) until 1996, and assembly also took place in Colombia, Uruguay, and Venezuela. ==Brazil== During the two decades that followed the Second World War, the available fuels in Europe had featured progressively higher octane ratings, and compression ratios of European cars had increased correspondingly. However, the cheaper (so called yellow grade) petrol widely distributed in Brazil in 1976 had an octane rating of just 73, so for Brazil it was necessary to use a relatively low compression ratio of 7.2 to 1.〔 In order to provide adequate power with the lower compression ratio, a larger engine was needed, and the Fiat 147 was launched with a unit with a five-bearing crankshaft in place of the , three-bearing engine that then was still standard in the 127s from Turin.〔 Press reports of the time reported that the larger engine produced a much smoother and quieter drive as well as enhanced torque.〔 The engine, along with some of the revised bodyshell elements of the 147 (most notably the rear three-quarter panels) were later introduced on the Series 2 version of the 127 itself, when it was released in Europe a year later. The 147 was the first modern car to use ethanol (E100) as fuel instead of petrol.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A bit of history: Fiat 147, the first mass-produced ethanol car )〕 The performance slightly increased and fuel consumption was 30% higher but the cost of the alcohol was a quarter of that of the gasoline because, at that time, petrol had become expensive as a consequence of the 1973 oil crisis. This version was nicknamed "cachacinha" (little cachaça) because it had the smell of that drink. After having been introduced in the fall of 1976, the lineup was divided into 147, 147 L, and 147 GL in November of the next year. A year later yet the luxurious GLS was added, as was the sporty "Racing" model, fitted with a 1.3 liter engine. This engine later found its way into the mildly sporting TR (with ), as well as (in lower-tuned form) the 147 CLS, Oggi CS, and Panorama CL. A diesel engine, based on the 1,049 cc unit, was also developed but was only ever marketed abroad, as private car owners in Brazil were not allowed to register diesel cars. This version, complete with face-lifted Brazilian market bodywork, was also exported to Europe as a "127" beginning in 1981. In 1982, the diesel engine was also added to the "Panorama" station wagon, which also became available in Europe as a 127.〔Ward, p. 65〕 The 147 underwent a number of facelifts during its career. The earliest cars had a front clip similar to the European 127, but later a new, reverse-rake front appearance was developed. Later yet (1983), the front was redesigned to match Fiat's new corporate face as defined by the new Uno. The pre-facelift body remained in use for a few years on the cheapest 147 C – to mark the newer versions as different, they received the additional "Spazio" label: this name later came to replace the "147" badge in Argentina.〔 Along with the facelift, engine outputs all crept up by a few horsepower. In Venezuela, the Spazio was sold exclusively with the more powerful 72 PS engine as used in the Brazilian TR version.〔 Production of the 147 C continued into 1987, after it had effectively been replaced by the new Uno. A mere 256 cars were built in 1987, however. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fiat 147」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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